Malaysia is venturing into a new frontier in tourism by tapping into the growing global interest in dark tourism — a niche travel segment that centres around sites linked to tragedy, conflict, and deep historical significance.

According to Tourism Malaysia, the country welcomed over 20.14 million tourists in 2023, generating RM71.3 billion in tourism receipts. With such promising figures, the economic potential of expanding into dark tourism is undeniable.

Tourism Malaysia’s director-general, Datuk Manoharan Periasamy, said that dark tourism not only appeals to adventurous travellers but also plays an important educational role, offering deeper insights into Malaysia’s cultural and historical narratives.

“While paranormal tourism remains largely untapped, trends in cultural and heritage tourism reveal a growing appetite for immersive, story-rich experiences – particularly among Gen Z travellers,” he said.

This direction aligns with the National Tourism Policy 2020–2030, which positions cultural and heritage tourism as a cornerstone for long-term growth.

Although there are currently no specific regulations for dark tourism, Manoharan explained that existing frameworks such as the National Heritage Act 2005 ensure the protection of historical sites, while the Tourism Industry Act 1992 promotes responsible operator conduct.

Tour operators looking to develop dark tourism products must secure approvals from local councils, heritage bodies, and law enforcement agencies – especially for activities like night tours, ghost hunts, or paranormal investigations. Site preservation, public safety, and ethical practices remain a top priority, and permission is mandatory when promoting private or abandoned properties.

Tourism Malaysia has identified several potential dark tourism sites across the country, including:

• Bukit Kepong, Johor – site of a deadly siege during the Malayan Emergency in 1950.

• Weng Communist Tunnel, Kedah – a historical remnant from the communist conflict era.

• Sungai Buloh Leprosarium, Selangor – once the world’s second-largest leper colony.

• Pulau Bidong, Terengganu – a former Vietnamese refugee settlement (1978–2005).

• Niah Caves (Sarawak) and Gua Cha (Kelantan) – rich archaeological and cultural sites.

• The Crag Hotel, Penang – a colonial-era landmark with heritage charm.

• Penang War Museum – formerly a British fort with deep wartime history.

• Pulau Jerejak, Penang – a former military base and quarantine station turned tourist site.

• Agnes Keith House, Sabah – part of the Sandakan Heritage Trail, reflecting colonial life.

Manoharan emphasised that with the right balance of preservation and storytelling, dark tourism can be a powerful tool to preserve Malaysia’s heritage and elevate the tourism experience.